Industry 4.0 stands for connected machines, automated processes, and data-driven decisions. These technologies promise higher efficiency and competitiveness. But they also create a serious risk: if digital systems are not protected properly, advanced manufacturing can fail completely.

In technology-based companies, data is a core asset. This includes customer and supplier data, production parameters, formulations, financial information, and intellectual property. If this data is stolen, manipulated, or lost, the consequences can be severe. Patent applications may fail, production may stop, trust may be lost, and in extreme cases, companies may not survive.

Industry 4.0 increases system complexity. Machines, control systems, and logistics are connected through IT networks and the Industrial Internet of Things. Business IT, production systems, and research environments often share infrastructure. Many industrial systems were designed for reliability, not for cybersecurity. This creates vulnerabilities that are often underestimated.

Past attacks have shown that systems can be manipulated without being noticed. Operators may see normal system behavior while processes are being altered in the background. Firewalls alone do not solve this problem. Physical access or privileged access can bypass many digital protections.

To reduce these risks, companies must take cybersecurity seriously. Access to systems and data should be limited and controlled. Software and machines need regular updates to fix security weaknesses. Continuous monitoring helps detect problems early, before major damage occurs. Employees also play an important role and should be trained to recognize digital risks.

Despite the risks, I am personally optimistic about Industry 4.0. The new technologies offer great opportunities to improve work processes, reduce errors, and make production more sustainable. When used responsibly, digital systems can support people and improve the work experience.

The risks of Industry 4.0 are real, but they can be managed with the right knowledge and awareness. By learning from past mistakes and investing in security and training, companies can benefit from digitalization while keeping control. For me, Industry 4.0 is not a threat, but a chance to build smarter and safer industries for the future.

Ajegunma Jamal